Transfection is a key technique in gene therapy, which involves the delivery of therapeutic genes to cells to treat genetic disorders or diseases. It involves the introduction of exogenous DNA, RNA, or proteins into cells to change their gene expression patterns.

Gene therapy has numerous applications, including treating inherited genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, and sickle cell anemia. It also has potential applications in treating acquired diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease.

Transfection techniques used in gene therapy include chemical transfection, electroporation, and viral transduction. Chemical transfection involves the use of cationic lipids or polymers to form complexes with the therapeutic gene, which are then taken up by cells. Electroporation involves using a brief electric field to create temporary pores in the cell membrane, allowing the therapeutic gene to enter the cell. Viral transduction involves the use of viruses, such as adenovirus or lentivirus, to deliver the therapeutic gene to cells.

Overall, transfection is a powerful tool in gene therapy, with the potential to treat a wide range of genetic and acquired diseases.

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